The Ultimate Guide To KGW Crystal
The Ultimate Guide To KGW Crystal
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In conclusion, we demonstrated that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are economical nonlinear resources for broadband SC generation within the in close proximity to-infrared and limited-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by one hundred eighty fs essential harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO developed two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Assess to SC spectra created in YAG. These supplies exhibit fairly related performances to YAG also when it comes to threshold and exceptional pump pulse energies for SC era. However, for what concerns the likelihood to operate at large laser pulse repetition rate, YSO, LSO and LYSO display long lasting Procedure only at 10 kHz and promptly degrade (within a few minutes) at twenty kHz. Other than the relatively lower SC generation threshold (169 nJ), GGG shown fantastic overall performance traits during the short-wave infrared with the ideal pump pulse Power of 464 nJ, that's two periods lower than in YAG: the largest pink-shifted spectral broadening and the best spectral Vitality density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that factor.
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For tungstates, the ytterbium doping focus can be quite significant without the need of major quenching because the replaced ions have an extremely identical ion radius, plus the inter-ion distance is pretty large.
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We program to spice up the heart beat Electricity to earlier mentioned forty mJ in two-phase multi-move amplifiers, comparable to a get component of twenty. In Just about every amplifier, we can even undertake two cascaded crystals placed less than orthogonal orientation to reduce the thermal load on Just about every crystal and compensate for your achieve-narrowing influence.
Determine 4 Beam radius variation on The 2 crystals whilst shifting the focal length in the thermal lensing impact.
Though BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO occasionally function laser hosts37, They're generally recognized as economical scintillators, whose scintillation Qualities are analyzed fairly well38. However, the nonlinear optical Attributes of those crystals and so their opportunity to serve as nonlinear components for SC technology in KGW Crystal particular, and some other experiments about nonlinear propagation of intense femtosecond laser pulses, continue to be incredibly improperly studied. Thus far, GGG, LT23,twenty five and YSO24 were being only sketchily tested for SC generation with Ti:sapphire laser pumping, even so, to the most beneficial of our know-how, none of the investigated supplies ended up examined with Yb-laser pumping, specifically for what considerations their performance at extremely higher (tens to many hundreds of kHz) pulse repetition fees.
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An example of this kind of conduct is shown in Fig. 7a. The character of spectral improvements is highlighted in Fig. 7d, which reveals how the SC spectrum around the lengthy-wavelength aspect shrinks noticeably, from 1800 nm to 1450 nm, just following 8 minutes of exposure time inside a stationary sample. LT crystal shown somewhat much better long-phrase overall performance: at pulse repetition prices of around a hundred kHz no narrowing on both aspect from the SC spectrum was detected. Nevertheless, speedy narrowing of the SC spectrum in LT crystal was noticed just after the very first five minutes of operation when the heart beat repetition fee was set at 200 kHz (facts not revealed). In contrast to the above mentioned components, BGO and GGG shown excellent SC era performances with no spectral modifications at a pulse repetition amount of 200 kHz, as attested by the time number of SC spectra in BGO and GGG, demonstrated in Fig. 7b and c, respectively. Figure 7e and file define equivalent styles of SC spectra firstly and at the conclusion of one hour-Long lasting measurement in both of those resources.